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Editor’s Note: Woolf scholar Kristin Czarnecki contributed this post about her creative experience with Mrs. Dalloway and erasure poetry.

A year or so ago, on the recommendation of a friend, I bought Sarah J. Sloat’s Hotel Almighty, a book of erasure poems born from Stephen King’s novel Misery. Each page bears not only Sloat’s erasures but also her beautiful, evocative art and collages.

I read it repeatedly and became curious about the potential of erasure poetry. As Sloat says in her introduction to Hotel Almighty, “The form leaves room for chance.”

I suspected the form was something I’d enjoy, and as I so often do, I turned to my shelves of Woolf books for inspiration.

Right away, my eye went to the Eastern Press edition of Mrs. Dalloway I’d found years ago in a Lexington, Kentucky, bookstore. It was bound in genuine leather in a glorious, saturated shade of green, my favorite color, and I snapped it up.

And there it sat on a shelf for years until, in a fit of purging, I brought it to Half-Price Books to see what I could get for it in trade. Not much, but I easily let it go, confident it would wind up with someone who would appreciate it.

A book returns

Fast forward a few months, when an English major at the college where I was teaching stopped by my office one afternoon. She and her girlfriend had taken several classes with me, including modern British literature, which of course had Mrs. Dalloway on the syllabus.

That day in my office, she reached into her bag, drew out a book, and proudly handed me the Eastern Press edition of Mrs. Dalloway I’d recently given away.

“We found this at Half Price Books!” she said, “And we knew we had to get it for you.”

I was deeply moved by the gesture and thought, “Well, I’m clearly meant to have this book.”

I kept it in my campus office, and when my husband and I moved across the country, it of course came with us.

Having fun with Mrs. Dalloway

Looking at the book recently, I began to wonder how I might do justice to
Woolf’s words, to my students’ thoughtful gift, and also to the physical thing. I wondered how it might manifest into a different type of aesthetic object, and I wondered if I might fall under Woolf’s spell once again if I approached her writing in a different way.

Since leaving academia nearly four years ago, I’d been losing interest in Woolf, a sad and unsettling experience I hoped was only temporary.

“Mostly, I set out to have fun,” Sloat writes towards the end of her introduction to Hotel Almighty. I set out to do the same when creating erasure poetry from Mrs. Dalloway.

I sought combinations of words that would reflect Woolf’s concerns in the novel, like the vagaries of time and fluctuating relationships. Sometimes, I sought to counteract the unbearable sadness on the page, like Septimus Warren Smith’s suicidal despair. Sometimes, I tried not to overthink it and just remain alert to any words or phrases that might jump out.

I decided to create 51 erasures, Clarissa Dalloway’s age in the novel.

Adding art to the words

As for the art, some of the erasures called out for a particular color or striking color combination. For a few, I wanted strips of paper to cover all but the circled words. For added visual interest, I cut out some of my drawings and paintings from other notebooks and pasted them in.

I appreciate anew, or differently now, her writing to a rhythm, her threading of specific motifs throughout the novel, her aversion to verbs (!), and her insights into the multitudes of human experience.

The process of running a paint brush, colored pencils, or pastel crayons across the lines, a repetitive and meditative action, found me absorbing and thinking about words I hadn’t singled out.

Selecting from among Woolf’s words and adorning them with art made for a unique and enjoyable creative experience. I appreciate anew, or differently now, her writing to a rhythm, her threading of specific motifs throughout the novel, her aversion to verbs (!), and her insights into the multitudes of human experience.

I like to believe we created these erasures together. And, it’s nice to have her back.

About the author

Kristin Czarnecki at the 2019 Annual International Conference on Virginia Woolf held at Mount St. Joseph University in Cincinnati, Ohio.

Kristin Czarnecki taught English in Georgetown, Kentucky, for many years and is now executive director of the Rockport Art Association & Museum in Rockport, Massachusetts. A former president of the International Virginia Woolf Society,  she has published literary criticism in Woolf Studies AnnualJournal of Feminist ScholarshipJournal of Modern Literature, the CEA CriticCollege Literature, and Journal of Beckett Studies as well as in edited volumes. She is also the author of two memoirs: Encounters with Inscriptions (Legacy Book Press, 2024), about the books inscribed and given to her by her parents over the years, and The First Kristin: The Story of a Naming (Main Street Rag, 2020), about the experience of being named after a deceased sibling. Her chapbook, Sliced, was published by dancing girl press & studio in 2023. Her next book, My Moomin Memoir: Reflections on Tove Jansson’s Classic Tales, is forthcoming from Legacy Book Press.

Erasure poems from Mrs. Dalloway by Kristin Czarnecki

The Sunlight by Kristin Czarnecki

The Dear Boy by Kristin Czarnecki

The Shaggy Dog by Kristin Czarnecki

She Made the Drawing Room by Kristin Czarnecki

To Split Asunder by Kristin Czarnecki

 

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If you’ll be in England this month, you have the opportunity to travel to Charleston for a special event with Mark Hussey and his new book, Mrs. Dalloway: Biography of a Novel.

The details

What: Mrs Dalloway: Biography of a Novel
When: Wednesday 12 November, 7 p.m.

Celebrate the centenary of the publication of Virginia Woolf’s landmark novel Mrs Dalloway, with leading author and academic Mark Hussey as he introduces his new book, Mrs Dalloway: Biography of a Novel.

Discover the story behind the story: follow the remarkable ‘life’ of Mrs Dalloway, from its first stirrings in Woolf’s diaries, through her struggles to shape its form, to the novel’s critical reception and lasting legacy. Discover the hidden history of the novel that redefined modern literature.

The conversation will be chaired by Harriet Baker, author of Rural Hours: The Country Lives of Virginia Woolf, Sylvia Townsend Warner and Rosamond Lehmann (2024).

Tickets: £16 (concessions available)
How to register: Register online.

Charleston, 2019

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At 100 years old, Virginia Woolf’s 1925 novel Mrs. Dalloway is a must-read for all of us living in today’s technological world, according to New York Times critic A.O. Scott.

In “100 Years Ago, Fictional Londoners Looked Up. They Saw Our Present Day,” published yesterday in the Times, Scott focuses on an early scene in the novel to make his point. He features the airplane that captures the attention of a cross-section of Londoners as Clarissa walks to “buy the flowers [for her party] herself.”

Scott writes: “Near the beginning of “Mrs. Dalloway,” an ordinary day is disrupted by a technological intrusion. More than a century later, we might relate to this kind of thing, even if we’re more likely to be distracted by the pings and chirps of our portable screens. A sky-writing airplane, quaint as it may seem at first glance, brings us news of our current situation — about how we think, how we interact and how we experience reality.”

It is a timely column and worth a read. Plus, the animated airplane graphics are clever and fun to watch.

Return to the novel

But Scott’s focus on technology as a distraction — while interesting — is narrow. It leaves out other approaches, such as one noted in a comment by Scott Paradis from Flint, Michigan:

“Skywriting as an advertising medium began in the UK in 1922. A few years before, Londoners were watching the sky for bombers–Zeppelins by night and Gothas by day–despite air raid warnings to take shelter. In this scene they’re marking the change from mortal danger to commercial trivia.”

Scott’s approach also fails to mention the context surrounding the airplane sighting, a context that actually would have added support to his argument — and something I was happy to note when his article prompted me to reread the first 25 pages of Woolf’s text.

Just before the skywriting airplane appears (MD 20), Woolf describes everything coming to a standstill when a motor car erupts in a “violent explosion” that sounds like “a pistol shot” (13-14).

The sound causes passers-by to stop and stare. Rumors then circulate about the passenger in the car, someone with “a face of the very greatest importance,” prompting everyone to “look at the motor car” (14-15). The crowd speculates: Was it the prime minister? Was it the Prince of Wales’? Was it the Queen?

The motor car and its possibly royal passenger captures Clarissa’s attention, as well as her imagination. She muses:”It is probably the Queen . . . The Queen going to some hospital; the Queen opening some bazaar” (17).

As the car glides across Piccadilly, it continues to attract the attention of everyone from men of means “with their hands behind the tails of their coats” to “[s]hawled Moll Pratt with her flowers on the pavement” to a crowd of poor people gathered at the gates of Buckingham Palace (18-19).

The shift

But when the people in the crowd hear the sound of the airplane, their attention shifts from the car and its supposedly royal passenger to the airplane “letting out white smoke from behind . . . making letters in the sky!” (20).

I find this change of focus interesting. Londoners, who moments before were focused on a car on the street in front of them that they guessed was carrying royalty, suddenly shift their attention from the monarchy to the airplane above their heads. They then speculate about what commercial message it is writing in the sky.

Thus, they move their focus from traditional royalty, something with which they are familiar, to commercialized technology, something rather new to them. Both, however, keep them guessing. No one knows for sure who is in the car or what is written in the sky.

Scott and I — and the more than 160 readers who have already commented on his article — have only grazed the surface of these few pages of Mrs. Dalloway. As always in Woolf’s writing, there is much more to uncover by close reading.

You can read Scott’s entire piece in the NYT digital version. I recommend it.

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Woolf readers at one of the exhibit and bookseller tables at the 34th Annual International Conference on Virginia Woolf.

Roughly 350 scholars from around the globe have gathered at the University of Sussex for the 34th Annual International Conference on Virginia Woolf. And coming from the United States, this year’s topic could not be more timely: Woolf and Dissidence.

As an American living under the destructive regime now ruling my country, I hoped that I and my compatriots would be greeted with empathy and understanding by those we met at this conference in England.

I was not disappointed. I and others from the U.S. have been embraced more warmly than ever by the students, common readers and scholars from around the world who have arrived in Falmer, the English town on the outskirts of Brighton, where the University of Sussex is located.

The universal question

Time for talk during a conference break.

Whether from Turkey, Korea, Brazil, Italy, Austria, Belgium, Norway, Canada or the UK, our fellow humans and Woolfians share our disappointment in the country I call my home.

And they almost universally ask the question we Americans have been asking ourselves since last November: “How did this happen?”

Sadly, we have no definitive answer. All we can offer are conjectures, theories, and speculations.

Dangerous words

Notice how I am writing here. I am choosing my words carefully. I am not saying exactly what I mean. Instead, I am offering hints. Instead, I am writing in a kind of code.

Why? I am afraid. Not so afraid that I will be silent, because, as Audre Lorde said, “Your silence will not protect you.”

But afraid enough to edit myself, to avoid publishing words on the web that might bring attention from the thought police. After all, I would like to get back into the country of my birth.

Clarissa Dalloway’s dangerous world

Which brings me to one of the best things I heard at the conference so far: Fordham University Professor Anne Fernald’s keynote presentation titled “Dangerous Days: A Century with Clarissa Dalloway.”

In it, she talked about the dangers we face in our current political climate and the dangers Clarissa faced in Woolf’s 1925 novel. Clarissa lost her sister at a young age. She lived through the Great War. She survived the influenza pandemic.

Woolf describes Clarissa’s feelings this way:

She had a perpetual sense, as she watched the taxi cabs, of being out, out, far out to sea and alone; she always has the feeling that it was very, very dangerous to live even one day. (MD 8)

I now understand that quote. And I recognize — once again — that Woolf’s words always apply.

Anne Fernald gives her keynote address, “Dangerous Days: A Century with Clarissa Dalloway.”

 

 

 

 

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Harchards new edition of Mrs. Dalloway filled one of the shop’s windows.

Dalloway Day celebrations are taking place across the globe this month, as Virginia Woolf’s novel Mrs. Dalloway marks its centenary. Today I have a report from Dalloway Day in London, held June 28 at one of my favorite London bookstores, Hatchards in Piccadilly.

The event, held in collaboration with the Virginia Woolf Society of Great Britain, featured two panels. The first was led by Maggie Humm and featured Maggie Gee, author of Virginia Woolf in Manhattan and Michelle de Kretser, author of Theory and Practice.

The second included Vara Neverow, editor of the Virginia Woolf Miscellany, interviewing Mark Hussey about his new book, Mrs Dalloway: Biography of a Novel. Sarah Hall facilitated the question and answer period.

A book signing was then followed by champagne, sweets, and live music as Mrs. Dalloway’s Party got into full swing.

The three books by the authors on the first panel.

Michelle de Kretser reads a passage from her new novel while Maggie Humm looks on.

Standing to project Virginia’s voice, Maggie Gee reads from her novel.

Maggie Gee and Michelle de Kretzer sign their books.

Vara Neverow, Mark Hussey and Sarah Hall are ready for their panel at Hatchards.

It was a sell-out crowd for the Dalloway Day event at Hatchards.

Live music from the 1930s and ‘40s added to the ambience.

Guests at Mrs. Dalloway’s party came from near and far — London, Boston, Antwerp, Italy, Germany, and more.

 

More guests from around the globe.

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